ISRIC Data Hub
ISRIC Data Hub (ISRIC - World Soil Information)
Continents, countries, sea regions of the world.
Clay content (0-2 micro meter) mass fraction in ‰ at 6 standard depths. Predictions were derived using a digital soil mapping approach based on Quantile Random Forest, drawing on a global compilation of soil profile data and environmental layers. To visualize these layers please use www.soilgrids.org.
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/wosis-contributing-institutions-and-experts https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-217-2021
SoilGrids250m 2017-03 - Soil organic carbon stock
Soil organic carbon stock in tons per ha for 6 standard depth intervals predicted using the global compilation of soil ground observations. Accuracy assessement of the maps is availble in Hengl et at. (2017) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169748. Data provided as GeoTIFFs with internal compression (co='COMPRESS=DEFLATE'). Measurement units: t / ha.
SoilGrids250m 2.0 - Soil organic carbon stock
Soil organic carbon stock in t/ha for 0-30 cm depth interval. Predictions were derived using a digital soil mapping approach based on Quantile Random Forest, drawing on a global compilation of soil profile data and environmental layers. To visualize these layers please use www.soilgrids.org.
SoilGrids250m 2017-03 - Absolute depth to bedrock
Absolute depth to bedrock (in cm) predicted using the global compilation of soil ground observations. Accuracy assessement of the maps is availble in Hengl et at. (2017) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169748. Data provided as GeoTIFFs with internal compression (co='COMPRESS=DEFLATE'). Measurement units: cm.
SOTER-based soil parameter estimates (SOTWIS) for the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
This harmonized set of soil parameter estimates for the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, at scale 1:1 000 000, has been derived from soil and terrain data collated in SOTER format by staff of the National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS and LUP) at Nagpur, India. The data set has been prepared for use in the project on "Assessment of soil organic carbon stocks and change at ... national scale" (GEFSOC), which has IGP-India as one of its four case study areas (see http://www.nrel.colostate.edu/projects/gefsoc-uk/). The land surface of IGP-India has been characterized using 36 unique SOTER units, corresponding with 497 polygons. The major soils of these units have been described using 36 profiles, selected by national soil experts as being representative for these units. The associated soil analytical data have been derived from soil survey reports. Gaps in the measured soil profile data have been filled using a scheme of taxotransfer rules. Parameter estimates are presented by soil unit for fixed depth intervals of 0.2 m to 1 m depth for: organic carbon, total nitrogen, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, base saturation, effective CEC, aluminum saturation, CaCO3 content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity of saturated paste (ECe), bulk density, content of sand, silt and clay, content of coarse fragments, and available water capacity(-33 to-1500 kPa). These attributes have been identified as being useful for agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil carbon stocks and change, and analyses of global environmental change. The current parameter estimates should be seen as best estimates based on the current selection of soil profiles and data clustering procedure; taxotransfer rules have been flagged to provide an indication of the confidence in the derived data. Results are presented as summary files and can be linked to the 1:1M scale SOTER map in a GIS, through the unique SOTER-unit code. The secondary SOTER data set for IGP-India is considered appropriate for exploratory studies at regional scale (greater than1:1M); correlation of soil analytical data should be done more rigorously when more detailed scientific work is considered.
Attribution 3.0 International (CC BY 3.0)
1) Batjes NH, Al-Adamat R, Bhattacharyya T, Bernoux M, Cerri CEP, Gicheru P, Kamoni P, Milne E, Pal DK and Rawajfih Z 2007. Preparation of consistent soil data sets for SOC modelling purposes: secondary SOTER data sets for four case study areas. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 112, 26-34, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.005 2) Batjes NH, Bhattacharyya T, Mandal C, Dijkshoorn K, Pal DK, Milne E and Gajbhiye KS 2004. Soil data derived from SOTER for studies of carbon stocks and change in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (India) (ver. 1.0; GEFSOC Project). Report 2004/06, ISRIC - World Soil Information and NBSS and LUP (ICAR, India), Wageningen,https://isric.org/sites/default/files/isric_report_2004_06.pdf (this data set) 3) Bhattacharyya T, Pal DK, Easter M, Batjes NH, Milne E, Gajbhiye KS, Chandran P, Ray SK, Mandal C, Paustian K, Williams S, Killian K, Coleman K, Falloon P and Powlson D 2007. Modelled soil organic carbon stocks and changes in the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India, between 2000 and 2030. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 112, 84-94, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2007.01.010 4) Chandran P, Bhattacharyya T, Ray SK, Durge SL, Mandal C, Sarkar D, Sahoo AK, Singh SP, Jagat Ram, Ram Gopal, Pal DK, Gajbhiye KS, Milne E, Aurangabadker B, Mendhekar P and Singh B 2005. Soil and terrain digital databases for IGP, India. Special Publication for Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon Stocks and Change at National Scale, National Bureau for Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (NBSS and LUP), Nagpur
Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) version 2.0
The Harmonized World Soil Database version 2.0 (HWSD v2.0) is a unique global soil inventory providing information on the morphological, chemical and physical properties of soils at approximately 1 km resolution. Its main objective is to serve as a basis for prospective studies on agro-ecological zoning, food security and climate change. The Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) was established in 2008 by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and FAO, and in partnership with International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC), the European Soil Bureau Network (ESBN) and the Institute for Soil Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The data entry and harmonization within a Geographic Information System (GIS) was carried out at IIASA, with verification of the database undertaken by all partners. HWSD was then updated in 2013 (HWSD v1.2) and in 2023 (HWSD v2.0). This updated version (HWSD v2.0) is built on the previous versions of HWSD with several improvements on (i) the data source that now includes several national soil databases, (ii) an enhanced number of soil attributes available for seven soil depth layers, instead of two in HWSD v1.2, and (iii) a common soil reference for all soil units (FAO1990 and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources). This contributes to a further harmonization of the database. The GIS raster image file is linked to the soil attribute database. The HWSD v2.0 soil attribute database provides information on the soil unit composition for each of the near 30 000 soil association mapping units. The HWSD v2.0 Viewer, provided with the database, creates this link automatically and provides direct access to the soil attribute data and the soil association information. Note: - A tutorial for accessing HWSD ver. 2.0 using R (prepared by David Rossiter, June 2023) has been added as an 'associated resource' (NOTE: Needs the SQLite version of HWSD v2 as provided below). - Soil property estimates in HWSDv2 were derived from Batjes (2016), Geoderma (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.01.034).
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
WISE derived soil properties on a 0.5 by 0.5 degree global grid, version 3.0
This harmonized, gridded global data set of soil parameter estimates includes files listing: (1) soil parameter estimates for the component soil units of each terrestrial grid cell, in un-binned format, and (2) soil parameter estimates aggregated or binned into a number of predefined classes. The spatial data, with a resolution of ½ by ½ degree, was derived from the ISRIC-WISE soil database. The land surface between longitudes -180o W and +180o E and latitudes +90o N and -90o S has been characterized using 45948 unique map units; each of these can comprise from one to ten soil units, characterized according to the original legend of the 1:5 million scale Soil Map of the World (FAO-Unesco 1974). Soil parameter estimates for each of these units were derived from analyses of some 9600 profiles held in a working copy of WISE (ver. 2.0). Twenty-two soil variables, identified as being useful for agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil gaseous emissions and analyses of global environmental change, were considered. Parameter estimates for the topsoil (0-30 cm) and the subsoil (30-100 cm) are presented for the following variables: content of organic carbon, total nitrogen, the C/N ratio, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, base saturation, total exchangeable bases, aluminum saturation, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity of saturated paste (ECe), calcium carbonate content, gypsum content, content of sand, silt and clay, content of fragments less than 2 mm, bulk density, total porosity. For soil drainage class, effective soil depth, and available water capacity (-10 to -1500 kPa), however, parameter estimates are presented on a profile basis. The parameter estimates - median values - presented here should be seen as best estimates; possible types and sources of uncertainty are discussed in the report. The data are considered appropriate for exploratory studies at global scale (greater than 1:5 000 000). Note: A more recent assessment, at a resolution of 30arcsec (WISE30sec), is available at: http://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc
Batjes NH 2005. ISRIC-WISE global data set of derived soil properties on a 0.5 by 0.5 degree grid (ver. 3.0). Report 2005/08, ISRIC - World Soil Information, Wageningen, https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/286181
Africa Soil Profiles Database, version 1.0
ISRIC World Soil Information is compiling legacy soil profile data of Sub Saharan Africa, as a project activity of the AfSIS project (Globally integrated Africa Soil Information Service). http://africasoils.net/services/data/soil-databases/ Africa Soil Profiles database, version. 1.0 (April 2012) identifies less than 15700 unique soil profiles inventoried from a wide variety of data sources. From the less than 14600 profiles that are geo-referenced, soil layer attribute data are available for less than 12500 and soil analytical data for less than 10000 profiles. The database includes, but is not limited, to the soil attributes specified by GlobalSoilMap.net. Soil attribute values are standardized according to e-SOTER conventions and validated according to routine rules. Odd values are flagged. The degree of validation, and associated reliability of the data, varies because reference soil profile data, that are previously and thoroughly validated, are compiled together with non-reference soil profile data of lesser inherent representativeness. Updated milestone versions of the dataset have been posted online and made available to the project serving as input to the soil property maps generated by AfSIS. The continuously growing dataset will also be made available through the World Soil Information Service upon continuation of the project activity. The version is released here is version 1.0., the latest version is 1.1.
Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International (CC BY-NC 3.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
The data quality varies, in accordance with the very nature of legacy soil data. The perceived reliability or quality of the data is subjectively rated, at the profile level, 1-4 (high-low).
WoSIS latest - Effective cation exchange capacity - ISRIC
Capacity of the fine earth fraction* to hold exchangeable cations at the pH of the soil (ECEC). Conventionally approximated by summation of exchangeable bases (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and Na+) plus 1 N KCl exchangeable acidity (Al3+ and H+) in acidic soils (cmol(c)/kg). WoSIS_latest is a 'dynamic dataset' that contains the most recent complement of quality-assessed and standardised soil data served from WoSIS (ISRIC World Soil Information Service). The source data were shared by a wide range of data providers (see: https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/wosis-contributing-institutions-and-experts). Being dynamic, the contents of 'wosis_latest' will change once new point data are acquired, cleansed and standardised, additional soil properties are considered, and/or when possible amendments are required. Static snapshots of 'wosis_latest' are released at irregular intervals for consistent citation purposes and to discuss methodological changes; the last snapshot is available at https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4735-2024. For general information about WoSIS please see the FAQ-page at https://www.isric.org/explore/wosis/faq-wosis.
Licenced per profile, as specified by data provider and indicated in the data
Soil and Terrain Database (SOTER) for South Africa
The Soil and Terrain database for South Africa primary data (version 1.0), at scale 1:1 million (SOTER_South_Africa), was compiled of enhanced soil information within the framework of the FAO's program Land Degradation Assessment in Drylands (LADA). Primary soil and terrain data for South Africa were obtained from the SOTERSAF database (ver. 1) at scale 1:2 million. This version of SOTER_South_Africa includes some changes in the GIS file, based on the SRTM-DEM derived data and a changes of the attributes database. SOTER forms a part of the ongoing activities of ISRIC, FAO and UNEP to update the world's baseline information on natural resources.The project involved collaboration with national soil institutes from the countries in the region as well as individual experts.
Primary data: 1) Dijkshoorn JA 2003. SOTER database for southern Africa (SOTERSAF, ver. 1.0), ISRIC - World Soil Information, Wageningen 2) FAO and ISRIC 2003. Soil and Terrain database for Southern Africa (1:2 million scale). FAO Land and Water Digital Media Series 25, ISRIC and FAO, Rome (http://www.fao.org/icatalog/search/dett.asp?aries_id=104318) Derived data (needed for modelling): 3) Batjes NH 2004. SOTER-based soil parameter estimates for Southern Africa (ver. 1.0). Report 2004/04, ISRIC - World Soil Information, Wageningen, https://isric.org/sites/default/files/isric_report_2004_04.pdf
HWSDv2 SQLite data set (accompanies HWSD v2 in R tutorial)
Harmonized soil property values for broad-scale modelling (WISE30sec)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
International Institute for Applied Systems
European Commission - Joint Research Centre
International Institute for Applied System
ISRIC - World Soil Information (WDC - Soils)
A Globally Distributed Soil Spectral Library Mid Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra
The ICRAF-ISRIC Soil MIR Spectral Library contains visible near infrared spectra of 4,438 soils selected from the Soil Information System (ISIS) of the International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC). The samples consist of all physically archived samples at ISRIC in 2004 for which soil attribute data was available. The spectra were measured at the World Agroforestry Center's (ICRAF) Soil and Plant Spectral Diagnostic Laboratory. The samples are from 58 countries spanning Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Associated attribute data, such as geographical coordinates, horizon (depth), and physical and chemical properties, are provided in a single relational database. The purpose of the library is to provide a resource for research and applications for sensing soil quality both in the laboratory and from space
World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) and ISRIC - World Soil Information. 2010. ICRAF-ISRIC Soil MIR Spectral Library. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)
This dataset includes global soil salinity layers for the years 1986, 1992, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2009 and 2016. The maps were generated with a random forest classifier that was trained using seven soil properties maps, thermal infrared imagery and the ECe point data from the WoSIS database. The validation accuracy of the resulting maps was in the range of 67–70%. The total area of salt affected lands by our assessment is around 1 billion hectares, with a clear increasing trend. Further details are provided in a peer-reviewed journal article (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111260). The code and data used to produce the global soil salinity maps can be accessed by registered Google Earth Engine users at https://code.earthengine.google.com/d43e5a92ae1deed32a0929f57b572756.